ABER-RANT

Arnott once again raises the myth that smokers die prematurely; this is easily refuted.Allow me to give you an example of why these studies show misleading results Suppose that you were to compare the mortality of people who did their main grocery shop at a discount store, to the mortality of people who shopped at an expensive/high-end grocery store, You would most likely find that the people who shopped at the discount store died younger than those who shopped at the up-market store. You might (erroneously) conclude that it was the products being consumed that affected mortality, when in reality the two groups are not directly comparable, as people who shop at up-market stores tend to be wealthier and live longer anyway . This scenario explains why for example, cigar smokers appear to live longer than non-smokers. The reason being that cigar smokers are over represented in the most affluent echelons of society. Professor Peter Finch , when analysing Australian smoking mortality, fo

If you wish to find out something about a particular population , and it is not feasible to test the whole population, then you may test a sample of that population providing that the sample is an accurate refection of the population. In order to get a valid sample one needs to select randomly across the the entire population. Something to be avoided is self-selection.; this is in fact the major flaw in virtually all drug trials, in that they ask for volunteers, and this leads to bias. You might be thinking What's wrong with using volunteers? Well, consider the following: Suppose you wished to ascertain the feeling of the general public towards the recent Olympic games. You might perhaps create a web-site asking people to complete a survey about the games. The flaw in the sample is here quite easy to spot. Only those who were interested in the games would volunteer, and therefore your sample would not reflect the the general population, some of whom must not be interested in

It is a complete myth that smokers die prematurely smoking rarely kills male ever-smokers before 50 years of age and female ever-smokers before 55 years of age, and does so very rarely at earlier ages. While deaths attributed to smoking do occur much more frequently with increasing age, so too do deaths from other causes and it is not clear how the ever-smoker's age-increasing annual risk of death due to his or her smoking should be apportioned between smoking on the one hand and simply aging on the other. The anti-smoking movement's message that smoking kills has to be interpreted from the balanced perspective of not only how likely it is to do so; but of how likely it is that other causes will pre-empt that possibility by leading to death before it eventuates. For instance, while it may be a cause of concern to a 65 to 69 year old male ever-smoker, and to a 70 to 74 year old female ever-smoker to be told that they have a yearly chance of about 1 in 100 that their smoking wil

I live in a small university town. I often chat with under-graduates and am constantly surprised to find that my old O-level grasp of their subject is usually as good as, if not better than, theirs. Why is that, when educational standards have never been higher?

Pro-active There is no such word as pro-active You can act or react , but you cannot pro-act You may be active or passive , but you can never be pro-active

The Scientific Scandal of Antismoking By J. R. Johnstone, PhD (Monash) and P.D.Finch, Emeritus Professor of Mathematical Statistics (Monash) Science is not always a neutral, disinterested search for knowledge, although it may often seem that way to the outsider. Sometimes the story can be very different. Smoking and health have been the subject of argument since tobacco was introduced to Europe in the sixteenth century. King James I was a pioneer antismoker. In 1604 he declared that smoking was "a custome lothsome to the eye, hatefull to the Nose, harmefull to the braine, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke stinking fume thereof, neerest resembling the horrible Stigian smoke of the pit that is bottomelesse." But like many a politician since, he decided that taxing tobacco was a more sensible option than banning it. By the end of the century general opinion had changed. The Royal College of Physicians of London promoted smoking for its benefits to health

What is morally repugnant is a government that sets-up tax-avoidance schemes and then moans like fuck when people have the temerity to use them. A previous government removed the Inland revenue's duty to only collect that tax which was due ; instead it switched the burden onto the tax-payer. It would therefore seem that it is every citizen's legal duty to avoid tax.

euro crisis...simple solution get rid of the single currency and let sovereign governments re-value their currencies People wonder why in Britain we have a north-south economic divide...simple two different economic systems sharing a common currency, namely the pound...if a small region like England struggles HOW THE FUCK CAN IT WORK IN EUROPE YOU FUCKWITS

I haven't posted about fish-keeping before on this blog. So , I thought I'd describe the set-up in my two main tanks:- 4 ft cold/temperate tank One Ryukin (Miss )Piggy Malone( aka Doris) A Moor named Jet (juv male) An Oranda called Rocket (juv male) 6 baby apple snails planted with Amazon swords --------------------------------------------- 3 ft tropical tank 2 Bristlenoses Charley Farley(m) & Skitter (f) 4 Adult Apple Snails 8 neon tetras 2 Fire-Red Honey Dwarf Gourami: 6 Black Neon Tetra 2 Red Cherry Shrimp 2 Dwarf African Aquatic Frog Planted with Anubias & Amazon Swords ---------------------------------------------------- I shall add to this given time-constraints

In Gauderman et al. 1997 at pp.208-209 the authors stated: “The results from these analyses support previous findings that a major gene plays an important role in lung cancer risk. An additional finding not previously observed is that there is no apparent interaction between the putative lung cancer gene and smoking.” At p.177 the authors wrote: “[T]he flaws we found in the nicotine research literature are of such magnitude and occur in such a regular fashion that they demand an explanation. A partial list of the methodological shortcomings compiled in this book includes: I Systematic exclusion of subjects from statistical analyses Absence of saline control groups for injected drugs Result-biased selection of number of sessions to test manipulations Absence of statistical comparisons [...]“ Also, from the same book: “Thus, nicotine’s role in maintaining the smoking habit bears no similarity to the role played by genuinely addictive drugs such as heroin, barbiturates, alcohol or ot